Our doctor has summarized the complaints and precautions during pregnancy as follows.

1. Abdominal pain, vomiting, headache, fatigue, frequent urination… All of these problems are among the most common complaints during pregnancy due to hormonal and physiological changes. While some of these may be natural symptoms that everyone experiences, others can be a sign of serious problems. Groin pain occurs around weeks 4-5.
   Groin pain can occur as the embryo implants in the inner wall of the uterus. Groin pain generally begins around weeks 4-5 of pregnancy. This type of groin pain is an expected symptom unless accompanied by vaginal bleeding. It is generally not severe enough to prevent the expectant mother from walking or affect her quality of life.
2. Not all bleeding is considered normal.
   This complaint, which occurs particularly in the first trimester of pregnancy, is likely caused by bleeding from the uterine wall during the uterine sac burial process in the 5th and 6th weeks. It may also be caused by bleeding during the fusion of the fetal membranes during the 12th week. However, if this type of bleeding persists, it is considered a "threatened miscarriage." 90% of these bleedings resolve with rest; however, the first step is to rule out the presence of a threatened miscarriage or a bleeding site.
3. Hormonal changes can trigger breast pain.
   Increased secretion of the hormones estrogen, prolactin, and progesterone is the primary cause of changes in the expectant mother's breasts. Mild changes in the breasts may be felt in the first few weeks of pregnancy, and these may be painful. Avoiding excessive stimulation of the nipples will prevent the pain from worsening.
4. Frequent urination is one of the most natural complaints.
   The main cause of this complaint is changes in kidney function due to the growing uterus in the first trimester. Urinary complaints usually subside after the fourth month; however, they can often reoccur in the final months due to the baby's head pressing on the bladder. If frequent urination is accompanied by a burning sensation during urination, a urinary tract infection should be investigated and treated accordingly.
5. If nausea and vomiting are severe…
   Nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy can be caused by hormones secreted by the placenta, psychological distress in the mother, vitamin B6 deficiency, pregnancy-related changes in the gastrointestinal system, and an overactive thyroid gland. If routine pregnancy tests performed in the first weeks of pregnancy show no abnormalities, the possible effects of pregnancy hormones or a psychological effect can be considered. Severe vomiting, poor feeding due to vomiting, and persistent weight loss may require treatment.
6. Weakness, fatigue, and a constant need to sleep may also occur.
   This change, especially in the first trimester of pregnancy, is due to increased levels of the hormone progesterone, which can cause weakness, fatigue, and a constant need to sleep. This is a symptom that is expected to subside after the third month.
7. Dehydration can cause headaches.
   Headaches, especially in the first trimester, are caused by prolonged fasting due to nausea and vomiting, coupled with a significant decrease in water intake. Dehydration, or dehydration, can cause headaches. Headaches in later months should be investigated, as they can also be caused by high blood pressure and preeclampsia. Therefore, it's important to see a doctor without delay for headaches you've been experiencing in recent months.
8. Stomach and digestive system problems
   One of the most important causes of reflux during pregnancy is the growing uterus pushing up on the stomach. Another cause is the slower movement of food through the esophagus under the influence of the hormone progesterone. Stomach emptying is delayed, and food empties itself more slowly from the digestive system. As a result, symptoms such as indigestion, bloating, and nausea may also occur. Starting the necessary medication, depending on the severity of the complaint, will alleviate these symptoms.
9. Pay attention to skin problems and stretch marks.
   One of the most common problems encountered during pregnancy is the browning and darkening of certain areas of the body. This most commonly occurs on the face (chloasma, the pregnancy mask), nipples, abdomen, groin, and areas surrounding the navel. While the exact cause of these darkening skin is unknown, it is thought to be related to increased estrogen secretion during pregnancy. Skin darkening during pregnancy can be exacerbated by exposure to sunlight or other ultraviolet light.
10. Constipation increases as the digestive system slows down.
    Constipation is a common problem during pregnancy.The most common cause is the general slowing down of the digestive system and the pressure of the growing uterus on the distal part of the intestines. Constipation also increases the risk of hemorrhoids and anal fissures in the late stages of pregnancy. The most important treatment and prevention method for constipation is a fiber-rich diet and plenty of fluids. Thoroughly washed raw fruits and vegetables are also recommended. Laxatives or similar medications should not be taken during this period without consulting a doctor.

Obstetrician and Gynecologist

Op. Dr. Serap Mollaoğlu Özveren